Prisoner Reentry: What It Takes to Succeed

There are currently more than 2 million Americansto society, they often feel out of step. Their families,
who are incarcerated in our country's prison system.friends, and neighborhoods have changed. Technology
Of that, about 650,000 are released annually. Thisis different, old and familiar stores have gone out of
population will be faced with the challenges involved inbusiness, replaced by new and unfamiliar chains.
reintegrating themselves back into society. The taskNothing is as it was before the prison experience.
is daunting and can be filled with disappointments,Whether it's boarding the bus with bus fare that was
confusion, and a host of other emotions.valid several years ago, or discovering that an old
Unfortunately, many who are released are unable togirlfriend is involved with his friend, frustration and a
successfully make the transition to freedom and findsense of disorientation are inevitable. They are part
themselves back behind bars; hence the highof the adjustment process that every ex-prisoner
recidivism rate.must go through on the way to transitioning to free
Based on both extensive professional and personalsociety.
experience, I have identified several things thatEx-prisoners need to take their time and get used to
newly released prisoners need to know to increasebeing free. This may take a few weeks, if not
the likelihood that they will stay free and succeed inmonths. This time of adjustment is needed before
life. This advice is designed to help not onlythey make any new and serious commitments. The
ex-prisoners, but their families and the supportfirst few weeks and months outside of prison are
programs that work with them.not the time to become involved in business
1. Anything is possible, but a common senseventures with old friends, get married, assume major
time-table and plan are vital.financial obligations (such as buying a new car or
Ex-prisoners come home and have a number of loftyhouse), or undertake other major life decisions.
aspirations. Whether it's starting their own business,Rather, this is the time to reflect, focus on making a
graduating from school, reconnecting with family,successful transition, and close the gap between
traveling, or becoming a millionaire, a realistic timetableprison and where he/she is currently.
and plan are vital. The prison experience often4. Being grounded spiritually is a good thing.
generates a sense of urgency in those who goIt is my personal opinion that being spiritually
through it. While understandable, the mindset thatgrounded is helpful, especially for those coming out of
accompanies the newly released prisoner is oftenprison. For one, it allows the ex-prisoner to become a
counterproductive to achieving his or her goals andpart of a supportive community. Moreover, it can
objectives.plug the ex-prisoner into a set of regular, stable, and
Ex-prisoners need to have short-, medium-, andpositive events and activities that can help promote
long-term objectives that contribute to the realizationaccountability. Most faith traditions encourage their
of their goals. Small steps that generated results, asadherents to be better people who are considerate,
opposed to big ones that may end in frustration, arethoughtful, reflective, and law-abiding. In times of
preferable. Help is available in developing timetableschallenge or trouble, the ex-prisoner has a source of
and plans through local mentoring programs, colleges,strength, guidance and refuge to which to turn. This
business development programs and other non-profitcan make a positive development in the ex-prisoner's
organizations.life.
2. The doorway back into prison is controlled by the5. Set up an accountability plan and stick with it.
prisoner. The probation and parole officers are notIf ex-prisoners do not set up markers to gauge
you enemy.process, slippage is possible, if not inevitable. Even
An ex-prisoner's freedom is completely determinedthose with the best of intentions can end up back in
by what he or she does. No one else is responsibleprison in the absence of a concrete plan that will put
for what happens to them. In this way, power is inchecks and balances in place. In contrast,
the hands of the ex-prisoner. Parole and probationaccountability can and should prevent recidivism and
officers are bound by rules and regulations. The onlyother undesirable outcomes.
way that the ex-prisoner is returned to prison is if heThere are several ways to establish accountability.
or she violates any of the terms and conditions of hisFirst, internal accountability involves selecting two
her release. Whether or not "the rules" seem small ormeetings/events that the ex-prisoner attends
not, they must be scrupulously obeyed.weekly. These could be Bible studies, reading a book
Those who are newly released from incarcerationin the library, etc. that are done consistently. They
often view their parole and probation officers as theirare time alone for the ex-prisoner. Second, external
enemies whose sole purpose is to send them backaccountability involves time commitments to others.
to prison. This is not the case. These officers are notThese could be regular meetings/events with one or
responsible for the actions taken by ex-prisoners;two people. Meeting for coffee, prayer, movies, and
rather, they respond. In many instances, ex-prisonersother positive activities with stable people is beneficial.
do not take advantage of the assistance andWhen the ex-prisoner finds himself or herself missing
services available through their probation and parolethese weekly appointments, then it is a good
officers. Of course, there are differences betweenindication that he or she is off-track and needs to
and among these officers; not all may offer there-focus. When a person is first released from prison,
same level of support. However, the ex-prisoner willit seems like he or she has unlimited time. Once jobs,
never know if there is help available unless he or shefamilies, and other commitments are added, free time
asks.available time diminishes, and can crowd out
3. It takes a number of adjustments over time forscheduled accountability time.
ex-prisoners to re-establish themselves. Setbacks areMaking the transition from inmate to free citizen is
a natural part of this process.challenging but not impossible. Taking these five
Ex-prisoners existed in prison, while life on the outsidepoints into consideration will smooth the process.
continued to go on without them. When they return